Hydrocarbon-burner



(No Model.)

S. BENNETT. HYDROGARBON BURNER.

No. 408,284. Patented Aug. 6, 1889.

Inventor flttorne- N. PETERS. mm-mmn h r. Washington, a c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

STEPHEN BENNET", (5F BUFFALO, NEl/V YORK.

HYDROCARBQN-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 408,284, dated August6, 1889.

Application filed October 29, 1888. Serial No. 289,369- (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

- Be it known that I, STEPHEN BENNETT, of Buffalo, in the county of Erieand State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Hydrocarbon-Burners; and I do hereby declare that the followingdescription of my said invention, taken in connection with theaccompanying sheet of drawings, forms a full, clear, and exactspecification, which will enable others skilled in the art to whichitappertains to make and use the same.

My presentinvention has general reference to hydrocarbon-burners; and itconsists, essentially, in the novel and peculiar combination of partsand details of construction, as hereinafter first fully set forth anddescribed, and then pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings already referred to, whichserve to illustrate my saidinvention more fully, Figure 1 is a front elevation of my improvedhydrocarbonburner, part of a St0"6 or other suitable furnace and thesteam-expansion chamber being shown in section. Fig. 2 is a plan of thesame, one of the generators being shown in a horizontal section toexhibit the interior construction. Fig. 3 is a plan of the burner belowthe generators, the cover of the steam-expansion chamber being removed.Fig. 4 is a plan of the steam-expansion chamber, and Fig. 5 is a plan ofthe regulating-valve. Fig. 6 is a transverse sectional elevation in lineon a: of Fig. 2.

Like parts are designated by corresponding letters of reference in allthe figures.

The object of my present invention is the production of an efficienthydrocarbon-burncr for heating purposes.

A B are two cylindrical vessels. preferably constructed of wrought-ironpipe, having caps a to close the ends of said pipe. These vessels aregenerators, A being the oil and B the steam generator.

0 is a reservoir constructed to receive the liquids, it having apartition as to separate the oil-chamber C"from the water-chamber D, andit has two glass gages D D to show the height of the contents of saidreservoir. Two

separate vessels may be used, however, if found desirable. From thereservoir C leads a pipe E, having an adjustable stop-cock F and a pipee, to the generator A, while from the receptacle D leads a similar pipeG, having a stop-cock F and pipe g, to the steamgenerator B. Thegenerators are placed in bearings h, Fig. 3, in a frame having standardsIl. secured together by a tie-rod h, as clearly shown in Fig. 3.

From the generator A leads a pipe I downward, said pipe terminating in aT 2', having branch pipes L L, provided with upwardlypointingdischarge-orifices Z, through which the vapor generated in the vessel Aissues in a fine stream. From the generator B leads a pipe J downwardsimilar to the pipe of the generator A, said pipe having a T 2", twobranchesV V, elbows j j, and two nozzles 76, said pipe and fittingsconveying the steam produced in the chamber B down into a steamexpansionchamber M, consisting of a rectangular pan havinga cover N, providedwith a removable lid N, there being in the coveran aperture 77. for thepassage of the pipe I and openings a a, serving as escape-openings forthe gases.

IVithin the generator B is located a pipe P, having upwardly-pointin gorifices S, said pipe being surrounded by a tube R, of asbestus fibercovered with wire-cloth O, as shown in Fig. 2.

The re ulating-valve consists of aproperlyconstructed stop-cock havingon its spindle f a lever b, secured with a set screw c or other similarmeans. To the valve is attached a stop d, adjustably secured to thecoupling f by means of a setscrew d, all as clearly shown in Fig. 5.

In operation the lid N of the coverNis removed from the steam-expansionchamber and an ignited fuel-cartridge (not shown) placed into the saidchamber against the pipe I. The heat thereby imparted to the generator Awill soon suffice to evaporate the oil admittedto said generator, thevapor passing downward through the pipes I and L L and issuing from theorifices n n in the cover of the steam expansion chamber M. As soon asthis takes place, the fuel-cartridge is removed and the lid Nof thecover N replacedavhen the heat of the burning vapor will begin to heatthe steam-generator B, so that water admitted to the generator will beconverted into steam and pass through the pipes J V V and nozzles 70into the steam-expansion chamber M. Here the steam expands andis reducedto the pressure of the atmosphere and the temperature of boiling Water.The issuing vapors from the orifices Z cause an upward current in theexpansion-chamber M, and will take up as much of the steam as isrequired to produce perfect combustion and burn with an intensely-hotflame. Heretofore burners have been constructed in which the steam andvapor commingle in a chamber prior to their escaping from theescapeopenings, or the gases have been mixed in the orifices, the steamand vapor escaping with a speed due to the pressure in the generators.This construction is imperfect, for the reason that the steam will inmost cases extinguish the burning vapor, and thereby cause serioustroubles. This obj ection is entirely overcome in my burner, where thegases mix only at the point of escape from the expansion-chamber, andwhere the steam is never hotter or higher in pressure than the pressureof the atmosphere and the temperature due to this pressure. Thesteam-generator soon becomes red-hot, and

the water passing into the same through the orifices S is absorbed bythe asbestus tubing R, Where it evaporates and passes into the annularspace T to be superheated by the heat of the metallic wall of thegenerator, after which the gases pass through the pipe J, &c., asheretofore described.

In hydrocarbon-burners employing a steamgenerator not provided with anabsorbent in aterial there arises a serious difliculty, viz: The waterentering the generator is held in globular form until at once it isevaporated and explodes. This sudden conversion causes pulsations of theflame and results almost invariably in the blowing out of the flame,and, if unnoticed, results in more or less serious accidents. This isentirely avoided in my burner, the water not reaching the hot metallicshell of the generator in liquid form, but is absorbed by the fibrousasbestus sheet of which the tube R is composed and evaporated before itcan reach the said metallic shell.

The regulating-valve is so adjusted that when the lever 19 reaches thestop dthe proper supply of water and oil passes through the pipes, suchstop, however, not preventing the valves from being entirely closed whendesired.- This stop arrangement is a desirable feature in valves usedfor the purpose described. Changes can be readily made by unscrewing theset-screw c on the leverb and by turning the latter upon thevalve-spindle f until proper adjustment is reached.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire tosecure to me by Letters Patent of the United Statesi 1. Inhydrocarbon-burners, the combination, with the standard H, of the twocylindrical generators A B, having caps and pipes to support them inbearings in said standards, the steam and vapor pipes leading to andfrom said generators, and the steam-expansion chamber, the latter havingthe removable cover and lid provided with apertures for the escapinggases, in the manner as and for the purpose stated.

2. The combination, with the standard I-I, having the tie-rod h, of thegenerators A A, having caps and pipes to support them between saidstandards, the pipe J, T t", pipesVV, elbows j, and nozzles 70,terminating within the steam-expansion chamber M, the latter beingprovided with a removable cover having detachable lid andescape-openings n, the pipe I, T t', and pipes L, havingupwardlyprojecting discharge-apertures Z Z, the Whole being combined andconstructed in the man ner as and for the object stated.

3. In hydrocarbon-burners, the steam-expansion chamber M, having twoapertures in its side for the passage of the nozzles 7c k, the removablecover N, provided with an excision for the passage of the pipe I andfurther excisions n, and the detachable lid N in said cover, said lidhaving excisions corresponding with those in the cover, the whole beingcombined with suitable generators, in the manner as and for the purposeset forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have heretoset my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

STEPHEN BENNET' Attest:

MICHAEL J. STARK, WM. 0. STARK.

